一、静默安装oracle11G

1.配置本地yum并装oracle所需包

[root@linux01 /]# yum install -y libXp* xterm* unixODBC sysstat* make* libstdc++* libgomp* libgcc* libaio* kernel-headers* glibc gcc* elfutils binutils* caching-nameserver compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++-33* openssh xdpyinfo vi unzip

2.添加主机名与IP对应记录

vi /etc/hosts

[root@linux01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.80.173 linux01

3.关闭Selinux

[root@linux01 sysconfig]# vi selinux

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

SELINUX=disable

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

# mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

"selinux" 13L, 456C written

[root@linux01 sysconfig]# pwd

/etc/sysconfig

[root@linux01 sysconfig]#

4.将oracle11g安装包传到本地

5.系统配置

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1201 dba

groupadd -g 1202 oper

useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" -m oracle

passwd oracle

创建相应安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/recovery_data

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/

chmod -R 755 /u01/app/

修改系统内核参数

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152 //此行默认已有，确认不低于此数即可

kernel.shmmax = 536870912 //此行默认已有，确认不低于此数即可

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# sysctl -p #使配置生效

调整会话限制

vi /etc/pam.d/login 文件最后添加：

session required pam_limits.so

调整oracle用户的进程数与最大文件句柄数

vi /etc/security/limits.conf 文件的最后添加：

oracle soft nproc 10000

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 52768

oracle hard nofile 6553

root soft nproc 2047

root hard nproc 16384

root soft nofile 1024

root hard nofile 65536

soft是最小值，hard是最大值，nofile是文件句柄，也就是这个用户能打开的文件数，nproc是进程数

6.增加环境变量

cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=testdb

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=/u01/app/ogg:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/app/ogg:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export LANG=C

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=testdb

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

7.应答文件修改

路径/home/oracle/database/response

在db_install.rsp中添加

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=linux01

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/app/oracle/oradata

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/app/oracle/recovery_data

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=testdb

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=testdb

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=500

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

8.静默安装oracle11g软件

./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

#查看日志看进度 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-05-29_07-17-34PM.log

安装成功

[oracle@linux01 database]$ The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2019-07-10_11-25-57PM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

2. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

root用户执行两个脚本即完成软件安装。

命令行创建监听

静默建库

*********************************************************************

vi /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp, 覆盖以下选项：

注意：一定要按原来的参数所在的位置修改，不然报错

复制代码

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" //不能更改

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

GDBNAME = "dg1" //全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名

SID = "dg1" //对应的实例名字

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" //建库用的模板文件

SYSPASSWORD = "sys" //SYS管理员密码

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "sys" //SYSTEM管理员密码

DATAFILEDESTINATION = /u01/app/oracle/oradata //数据文件存放目录

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata_back //恢复数据存放目录

CHARACTERSET = " AL32UTF8" //字符集，重要!!! 建库后一般不能更改，所以建库前要确定清楚。

TOTALMEMORY = "4069" //oracle内存4069MB

复制代码

**********************************************************************

netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

二、手动创建数据库。

1.指定sid

export ORACLE_SID=testdb

2.创建pfile

[root@linux01 dbs]# cat inittestdb.ora

db_name='testdb'

control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl'

memory_target=900m

3.打开空实例创建spfile

sqlplus / as sysdba

create spfile from pfile;

startup nomount 启动到nomount状态。

4.创建createdb.sql

vi /home/oracle/createdb.sql

CREATE DATABASE testdb

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE

512,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512

MAXLOGFILES 5

MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXDATAFILES 100

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf'

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20M REUSE

UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

sqlplus / as sysdba

@createdb.sql

5.执行脚本

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

6.手工创建数据库成功

SYS@testdb> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

--------------------

READ WRITE

1 row selected.

SYS@testdb>